Unit 83 Some and any

  A

• 일반적으로 some (somebody/someone/something)은 긍정문에, any (anybody, etc)는 부정문에 사용합니다.

  some We bought some flowers. He’s busy. He’s got some work to do. There’s somebody at the door. I’m hungry. I want something to eat.

  any We didn’t buy any flowers. He’s lazy. He never does any work. There isn’t anybody at the door. I’m not hungry. I don’t want anything to eat.

• 의미상으로 부정인 문장에서도 any 를 사용합니다.
  • She went out without any money. (she didn’t take any money with her.)
  • He refused to eat anything. (he didn’t eat anything.)
  • Hardly anybody passed the examination. (= almost nobody passed)

  B

• 의문문에 some 과 any 를 다 사용합니다. 있는 것을 알고 있거나 있을 것이라고 생각되는 사람·사물에 대한 질문은 some 을 사용합니다.
  • Are you waiting for somebody? (I think you are waiting for somebody)
• 제안하거나 요청하는 경우 some 을 사용합니다.
  • Would you like something to eat? (there is something to eat)
  • Can I have some sugar, please? (there is probably some sugar I can have)
• 그러나, 대부분의 의문문에 any 를 사용합니다. 사람·사물이 있는지 없는지 모르는 경우입니다.
  • “Do you have any luggage?”  “No, I don’t.”
  • I can’t find my bag. Has anybody seen it?

  C

• 조건절(if)에 any 를 주로 사용합니다.
  • If there are any letters for me, can you send them on?
  • If anyone has any questions, I’ll be glad to answer them.
  • Let me know if you need anything.
• 의미상으로 조건절(if)의 의미가 있는 경우에도 any 를 사용합니다.
  • I’m sorry for any trouble I’ve caused. (= if I have caused any trouble)
  • Anyone who wants to take the exam should tell me by Friday. (= if there is anyone)

  D

• 어느 것이나 상관이 없는(= 아무 것이나) 경우 any 를 사용합니다.
  • You can take any bus. They all go downtown. (= it doesn’t matter which bus you take)
  • “Sing a song.”  “Which song should I sing?”  “Any song. I don’t care.” (= it doesn’t matter which song)
  • Come and see me anytime you want.
  • “Let’s go out somewhere.”  “Where should we go?”  “Anywhere. It doesn’t matter.”
  • We left the door unlocked. Anybody could have come in.
• something 과 anything 의 비교:
  • A: I’m hungry. I want something to eat.
    B: What would you like?
    A: I don’t care. Anything. (= something, but it doesn’t matter what)

  E

• somebody/someone/anybody/anyone 은 단수형입니다.
  • Someone is here to see you.
• 그러나, 대명사는 they/them/their 로 사용하는 경우가 많습니다.
  • Someone has forgotten their umbrella. (= his or her umbrella)
  • If anybody wants to leave early, they can. (= he or she can)

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