관계절 1
A
-
예문: The woman who lives next door is a doctor.
위의 예문에서 who lives next door 가 관계절(relative clause)입니다. 절(clause)은 문장의 한 부분이며, 관계절은 어떤(혹은 무슨) 사람·사물인지를 설명합니다.- The woman who lives next door . . . (“who lives next door” 로 The woman 을 설명합니다)
- People who live in the country . . . (“who live in the country” 로 People 을 설명합니다)
- who 는 사람의 경우에 사용하고, 사물인 경우에는 사용하지 못합니다.
the woman – she lives next door – is a doctor
→ The woman who lives next door is a doctor.
we know a lot of people – they live in the country
→ We know a lot of people who live in the country.- An architect is someone who designs buildings.
- What was the name of the man who called you?
- Anyone who wants to apply for the job must do so by Friday.
- who 대신에 that 를 사용할 수 있지만, 사람의 경우 which 를 사용할 수 없습니다.
- The woman that lives next door is a doctor. (not the woman which)
- 선행사가 사람인 경우에 that 를 사용하지 못하고 반드시 who 를 사용하는 경우도 있습니다. (Unit 93 참조)
B
- 사람이 아닌 사물을 나타내는 경우에는 who 를 사용하지 않고 which 나 that 를 사용합니다.
where is the cheese? – it was in the refrigerator.
→ Where is the cheese that (or which) was in the refrigerator?- I don’t like stories that have unhappy endings. (or stories which have . . .)
- Barbara works for a company that makes furniture. (or a company which makes furniture)
- The machine that broke down is working again now. (or The machine which broke down)
- which 보다는 that 를 일반적으로 많이 사용합니다. that 를 사용하지 못하고 반드시 which 를 사용하는 경우도 있습니다. (Unit 93 참조)
C
- what¹ = “the thing(s) that.” what 와 that 의 비교:
- What happened was my fault. (= the thing that happened)
- Everything that happened was my fault. (not Everything what happened)
- The machine that broke down is now working again. (not The machine what broke down)
§ ¹ 선행사를 포함하고 있는 관계대명사. 선행사가 있는 경우에는 사용할 수 없습니다.
D
- 관계절에서 he/she/they/it 를 사용하지 않고 who/that/which 를 사용한다는 점을 명심하십시오.
- I’ve never spoken to the woman who lives next door. (not the woman she lives)

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